Craneflies, Gnats & Midges

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Craneflies, Gnats & Midges

True flies (order Diptera) are an immense group with over 100,000 known species. They all have their hind pair of wings reduced to pin-shaped structures called halteres which act as gyroscopes to maintain balance in flight. Most feed on liquids, including nectar and blood.

The Dipterist's Forum offers a huge range of support for those interested in this group.

This group includes fly species that are in the dipteran sub-order Nematocera - the most ancient of the three fly sub-orders meaning they were the first to evolve. Fly species in these families all typically have reduced wing venation or wing veins that radiate to the margin and lack a closed anal cell. They are mainly lightly-built flies with long legs and long antennae.

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Tipulidae - Craneflies

Adults are very slender, long-legged flies that may reach 60 millimetres in length.

LESOPS 43 - Tipulidae VC55 Status - John Kramer, Ray Morris

Pediciidae - Hairy-eyed Craneflies

These are closely related to true crane flies. There are about 500 species worldwide.

LESOPS 41 - Pediciidae VC55 Status - Ray Morris

Limoniidae - Limonid Craneflies

These are closely related to the crane flies (Tipulidae) but can usually be distinguished by the way the wings are held at rest. Limoniids usually hold the wings along the back of the body whereas tipulids usually hold them out at right angles.